Freemasonry is a root source of Western esotericism, though some members deny this, and most others downplay the influence because of the assaults of anti-Masons. Modern Freemasonry results from the transition from operative (working) stone masonry to speculative (spiritual) Freemasonry in the 17th century when esotericists such as Elias Ashmole were initiated. Its esoteric interests peaked in the late 19th century but are still active. The original speculative form was influenced by Rosicrucianism and Renaissance magic. The basic initiatory structure of Theosophy, the Golden Dawn, Thelema, and Gardnerian Witchcraft are derived from Freemasonry.
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- The Ancient and Primitive Rite of Memphis-Misraïm The International Sovereign Sanctuary. Contains a summary of the characteristics of the rite, its history and application procedures.
- The Lights and Shadows of Freemasonry by Rob Morris Consisting of masonic tales, songs, and sketches published in 1852. Entire book published as scanned images through the "Making of America" archive.
- Fundamentals of Freemasonry An essay by Norman Williams Crabbe that describes the basic structure of Freemasonry and its esoteric characteristics.